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M9630556.TXT
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1996-02-27
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Document 0556
DOCN M9630556
TI Methods of transmission of hepatitis C.
DT 9603
AU Tibbs CJ; Institute of Liver Studies, Kings College Hospital, London,
UK.
SO J Viral Hepat. 1995;2(3):113-9. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96091318
AB The route of transmission of hepatitis C virus is still controversial.
Parenteral exposure via blood or blood products leads to infection in
the majority of cases, and the majority of intravenous drug users become
infected by repetitive exposure to contaminated injection equipment. The
risk of infection from a single needlestick injury is 5-15% and may
depend on the size of the innoculum. Other parenteral routes of
transmission may include traditional healing practices and the use of
contaminated medical equipment. Transmission is less common within a
family but the prevalence of hepatitis C viral antibodies is higher in
family members and sexual partners of carriers than in the general
population. There are some well-documented instances of acute hepatitis
C occurring after a defined sexual exposure. Vertical transmission is
rare unless the mother has high levels of circulating HCV RNA as may
occur in those also infected with HIV. The detection of hepatitis C in
saliva and the higher than expected prevalence of infection in dentists
may point to the possibility of transmission by salivary contamination.
There remain large numbers of hepatitis C carriers in whom no route of
infection can be identified.
DE Female Hepatitis C/*TRANSMISSION Human Male Pregnancy Risk Factors
JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).